Lunes 14 Octubre
2013
Immunity issue: US – Afghanistan Bilateral
Security Agreement.
Zaira Coral Delgado de Ita
140022
Tesis I
New York Times “Talks Clear Path for U.S.-Afghan Deal on Troops”
After an intense week of
strong and firm posturing by both US and Afghan State authorities, the
negotiations concerning the prevalence of The US army in Afghanistan has reached
a breaking point. Having all other issues and differences settled, attention
has now focused towards one single point that remains unsolved; the immunity
for the American troops remaining after 2014, once the NATO´s security program finalizes.
Afghanistan, converted in a
NATO´s ally, has been part of a security program since 2003, for which´s
objective is to provide security across the country and create a well
militarized structure able to defeat terrorism. The program, conducted by the International
Security Assistance Force (ISAF) consists in training and developing the Afghan
National Security Forces (ANSF) and providing anti- terrorism intelligence.
It is evident that for both
sides, the issue of sovereignty (regarding Afghanistan) and the immunity
of American troops (concerning the USA), represents a mayor national interest
for each independent State. Now that United States has expressed the issue as a
vital requirement for the deal; there is nothing left but to wait for
Afghanistan´s resolution.
The fact that the matter has
been defined by Afghanistan’s authorities as a nation´s decision, that concerns the Afghan people and them
only, reflects one out of two possibilities. The first, in a highly political utopia, is
that democratization has finally reached Afghanistan´s politics, to the point that
civilian participation is encouraged for mayor engagement in State´s issues. Or second, much more likely, the Afghan State
fears
the implications of an image
of country´s betrayal, an image such as “selling the country to the West” and “succumbing
to American´s dominion”. Furthermore, the fact that the Afghan State has empowered
the decision- making process for the issue in matter to be through a “loya
jirga”- traditional gathering of elders and
other powerful people- organized for upcoming week, shows the domestic
impact that an unfavorable decision from the people´s perspective could cause.
It
is important to remember that the political stability in Afghanistan is not
even close to its brightest moment, the State is still militarily weak to
engage in a direct confrontation with the terrorism organization such as the
Taliban, and will only continue to be protected in ally of NATO; and
furthermore, the economic dependency in NATO´s financial support represents
almost 80 percent of the country´s subsisting resources, which would mean a
devastating crush in Afghanistan´s economy.
However,
although Afghanistan is still in power of its sovereignty, the risk of it being
deeply compromised with the American troop’s immunity approval is latent. Not only given the fact that US forces would
not succumb under the Afghan Law, but that the State´s power or approval might
be minimized for anti- terrorism operatives. The immunity subvention has not
even been completely discussed and the US has already exemplified a violation
of Afghan State´s sovereignty,
by conducting the seizure of Pakistani Taliban leader,
Latif Mehsud, who is believed to be under American custody somewhere
within Afghan territory.
Situation
has reached a decision point, where in one side, political integrity and
sovereignty remain intact lying over country´s security and stability
sacrifice; or on the other side, and economy keeps its continuity and the State
its possibility to develop further away, giving away part of its sovereignty.
For so, unless the State of Afghanistan can manage to achieve a new agreement
or a renegotiation of this final point, it will be forced to succumb into
Western power, that is if it wishes to preserve its country´s integrity.
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